Click on alphabet
index...
A
B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S
T U V
10BASE-T:
(IEEE
802.3, 10 Million Bits Per Second)
An IEEE standard for
operating Ethernet local area networks (LANS) on
twisted-pair cabling using the homerun method of wiring
(exactly the same as a phone system does), and a wiring
hub which will contain electronics performing similar
functions to a telephone switch.
The full name for
the standard is IEEE 802.3 10Bast-T. It defines the
requirement for sending information at 10 million bits
per second on ordinary unshielded twisted-pair cabling
and defines various aspects of running Ethernet on this
cabling, such as:
-
Connector
types (Typically eight-pin RJ-45)
-
Pin
connections (1 and 2 for transmit. 3 and 6 for
receive).
100VG-ANYLAN:
is now a approved standard which was
proposed to the IEEE 802.12 committee. The name is based
on 100 Mbps,Voice Grade cable; and called ' ANYLAN' for
its ability to support both Ethernet and token ring. The
protocol is for a 100 Mbps half duplex transmission which
allows 100 Mbps on a four pair Category 3 cabling system,
but is not based on the 802.12 Ethernet CSMA/CD protocol.
(Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection). It
was approved in June 1995.
100BASE-T: (((802.3ab)
Provides 100 mbps per second Ethernet over 2
pairs of Category 5 cabling up to 100 meters. It will
require minimal ELFEXT and return loss requirements not
previously specified in EIA/TIA568-A.
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100 Ohm
UTP:
is the most universal cabling system and
generally the least expensive. It covers almost all
applications up to 100 MHz with a minimum of cost. The
user must decide which category 100 Ohm UTP cabling
system is needed for the application. For voice system
Category 3 is usually sufficient. For data cabling
systems, Category 5 is highly recommended. category 5e or
Cat5e is the cabling recommended today.
150 Ohm STP Wiring:
First
there was the 3270 system by IBM based on 92 Ohm RG-62U
coax. Then with System 35 computers came Twinax. Now
Token Ring has emerged as practically the LAN of choice
for IBM.
-
Type 1
is the initial
150 Ohm STP cable and connector
for Token Ring. Initially developed for 1 Mbps Token Ring, IBM extended
the frequency characterization to 20 Mhz for
4Mbps, and 16 Mbps Token Ring.
-
Type
1A is a Type 1
system extended to 300
MHz. Most installed Type 1 cable will comply with
the extended cable characteristics. But the
telecommunications outlet and the
telecommunications closet hub must be upgraded to
Type 1A components. Proposed for Type1 A
applications are Token Ring, FDDI over STP, 155
Mbps ATM, and broadband video.
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1000BASE-T:
(Gigabit
transmission)
Provides one gigabit per second
Ethernet over 4 Pair Category 5 cabling up
to 100 meters. The approved standard for 100Mbps
full duplex Ethernet application on Category 5 and
possible TP-PMD-style wiring systems. (100 Base-T meaning
based on 100 Mbps, TP-PMD wiring). There are three
variations, 100 BaseT-4 for Category 3, 4 and 5;
100Base-TX specifically for Category 5 applications; and
100Base-FX for fiber. If a Category 5 cable is used for a
100Base-T backbone, it cannot exceed 5 meters.
A
ACR -
Attenuation/Crosstalk Ratio:
Also known as "Headroom". This measures
the separation between signal and crosstalk.. Essentially
this defines the cable's operational bandwidth.
ATM: Asynchronous
Transfer Mode. ATM is a high bandwidth, low
delay, packet-like switching and multiplexing technique.
Usable capacity is segmented into fixed-size cells,
consisting of header and information fields. The ATM
proposals are being developed by a forum of over 120
application suppliers. A proposed application for a
copper network capable of 155 and 622 Mbps. Since this
proposal a Low speed transmission specification has also
been proposed such as 25 mbps transmission and 51 Mbps
transmission specifications. Basically, ATM applications
must meet all requirements for Category 5 as specified by
TIA-568-A.
Attenuation:
The
decrease in the power of a signal, light beam, or light
wave. Measured in decibels. Opposite of gain.
AWG:
American Wire Gauge.
Standard measuring
gauge for non-ferrous conductors (ie, non-iron and
non-steel). Gauge is a measure of the diameter of the
conductor (the thickness of the cable).
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B
Backbone
Wiring: The physical/electrical
interconnections between telecommunications closets and
equipment rooms. Cross-connect hardware and cabling in
the Main and Intermediate Cross-connects are considered
part of the backbone wiring.
Bandwidth:
The difference between the highest and the lowest
frequencies of a transmission channel (path for
information transmissions). Identifies the amount of data
that can be sent through a given channel. Measured in
Hertz (Hz); higher bandwidth numbers mean higher data
capacity. There is a fundamental relationship between the bandwidth of a
channel expressed in MHz and the information capacity or data rate
expressed in Mbps. Like a highway, the bandwidth expressed in MHz
(megahertz) and the cars that can travel on it expressed in Mbps
(megabits per second) thusly you can add more cars by widening the
highway or improve the road surface eliminating the narrowing down of
lanes or bottlenecks.
BER:
Bit Error Rate.( See Headroom..)
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C
Category
Rating System: For UTP Cabling. The
categories characterize commercial building wiring
systems for 100 Ohm UTP cables.
-
Category
3 =
(16
MHz - 100 Ohm UTP- To support applications up to 10 Mbps).
Typically voice, ISDN, 4 Mbps Token Ring, and
10Base-T. Maximum suggested allowed untwisting of pairs =
3".
-
Category
4 =
(20
MHz - 16 Mbps - 100 Ohm UTP). Typical applications are from
voice to 16 Mbps Token Ring.
Maximum allowed untwisting of pairs=1".
-
Category
5 = 100 MHz (Originally 100 Mbps, will run
ATM and 1000Base-T). Maximum allowed untwisting of pairs=
1/2".
See below..
-
Category
5e
= 100 MHz (1000Base-T & faster ATM). Maximum allowed untwisting of pairs < then 1/2".
See Below.
-
Category
6 = 200 MHz (beyond 1000
Base-T)
-
EIA/TIA-568-A
does allow 150 Ohm STP (also called Type 1) and
62.5/125 µm multi-mode optical fiber. TSB-53, Extended Specifications for 150-ohm STP cables
and Data Connectors," extends the 150 Ohm
cabling system from 20 Mhz (Type 1) to 300 Mhz
(Type 1A). No extended operation frequency wiring
systems for optical fiber are planned. ( as of
this writing).
Category 5:
(100 Mhz - originally 100 Mbps, will run ATM and 1000
Base-T)
Although not an
actual application, Cat5 is a structured wiring
system standard which many other applications and
emerging standards require for proper operation.
The Telecommunications Industry
Association (TIA) established standards for building
cabling with the publication of the TIA/EIA 568
Commercial Building Wiring Standard. Subsequently TIA
issued TSB-36 and TSB-40(technical service bulletins)
which defined the category rating system as it applies to
UTP cabling and connectors. Cat 5 as it is commonly
referred, is extended to 100MHz wiring system. TIA
revision has developed TIA/EIA-568 which incorporated the
TSBs into the main body of the standard, now called TIA/EIA-568A.
Category 5e: Another
extension (Addendum 5) of the EIA/TIA-568-A cabling
system to 100 MHz. As with cat5, the existing worst
case two connector (cross connect) topologies compliant
with TIA/EIX-568A are expected to meet these
requirements, and other topologies are supported as long
as they meet the ELFEXT and Return Loss requirements of
the document. In addition, Category 5e cabling provides
higher performance over a minimally compliant Category 5
channel recognizes advances in cabling technology.
ccs:
Copper Covered Steel - this is a less expensive form of copper cable
manufacture.
CDDI:
Communications Data-network Designer Installers.
Channel:
The end-to-end transmission path between two points at
which application-specific equipment is connected.
Coaxial
Cable: A cable composed of an insulated
central conducting wire wrapped in another cylindrical
conductor (the shield). The whole thing is usually
wrapped in another insulated layer and an outer
protective layer. A coaxial cable has great capacity to
carry vast quantities of information. It is typically
used in high-speed data and CATV application.
Connector:
A device that connects wires or fibers in cable to
equipment or other wires or fibers.
Crosstalk:
See Near-End Crosstalk.
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D
Daisy Chain: In
telecommunications, a wiring method where each telephone
jack in a building is wired in series from the previous
jack. Daisy chain is NOT the preferred wiring method,
since a break in the wiring would disable all jacks
"downstream" from the break.
dB (Decibel).
A dB is a unit of measure of signal strength, usually the
relation between a transmitted signal and a standard
signal source. Every 3 dB = 50% of signal strength, so
therefore a 6 dB loss = a loss of 75% of total signal
strength.
Demarcation
Point: ("demarc") The point of
interconnection between telephone company facilities and
your building wiring. The demarcation point
("demarc") shall be located on the subscriber's
side of the telephone company's protector, or the
equivalent thereof in cases where a protector is not
required.
Distribution
Device: A facility located within the
dwelling unit for interconnection or cross connection.
Drop Wire:
Outside wire pair(s) from the Telco plant (cable), to a
house or building for connection to a protector.
DTMF:
Acronym for Dual Tone, Mult-Frequency. Tone
dial makes a different sound (in fact, a combination of
two tones) for each number pushed. The technically
correct name for tone dial is Dual Tone Multi-Frequency.
or DTMF.
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E
Electromagnetic
Interference (EMI): The interference in
signal transmission or reception caused by the radiation
of electrical and magnetic fields.
ELFEXT -
Equal Level Far End Crosstalk:
This is a measure of crosstalk interference generated by
a far end transmitter, and is important on networks
utilizing full duplex transmission such as Gigabit
Ethernet.
ETHERNET:
A local area network used for connection computers,
printers, workstations, terminals, etc. within the same
building. Ethernet operates over twisted pair wire and
over coaxial cable at speeds up to 10Mbps. Ethernet LANs
are being promoted by DEC, Intel and Xerox. (Compare with
Token Ring).
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F
FDDI:
Fiber Distribution Data Interface.
FDDI is
a 100 Mbps fiber optic LAN. It is an ANSI standard. It
uses a "counter-rotated" Token ring topology.
An FDDI LAN is typically known as a "backbone"
LAN. It is used for joining file servers together and for
joining other LANs together.
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G
Gain:
The
increase in signaling power that occurs as the signal is
boosted by an electronic device. Measure in decibels
(dB).
Gigabit
Ethernet: ('1000BASE-X') The subsequent
IEEE 802.3Z committee is currently working on a draft for
gigabit Ethernet applications to run on fiber optic
cabling. It specifies operation for three variations of
micron fiber to achieve 1000Base-LX applications as
follows: 62.5 micron fiber over 550 m cable; 50 micron
fiber over 550m cable; 10 micron fiber over 3000 m cable.
It also specifies two variations to achieve performance
of 1000Base-SX as follows: 62.5 micron fiber over 260 m
cable; and 50 micron fiber over 525 m cable.
Gel Filled Cable:
What is gel filled cable?
Even small amounts of moisture or water in the cable will degrade the
electrical performance of a Category cable. Use power sum rated cables
and gel filled and jacketed with black UV resistant
polyethylene,
designed for exposure to the elements. This allows you to extend
your current network to outdoor satellite structures such as temporary
classrooms or trailers in a campus environment. It is also well suited
for runs under concrete slab in other wet locations. As with all
horizontal cables, the suggested run length is limited to (90 meters) (295 Ft.) per TIA/EIA 5658-B for Category 5, 5e, or 6 operation. Tape
wrapped outdoor cable is the emerging
outdoor cable design for it does not have the mess of gel and offers the
necessary protection.
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H
Headroom: (also
called Overhead or Margin) The number of decibels
by which a system exceeds the minimum defined
requirements. The benefit of headroom is that it reduces
the bit-error rate (BER), and provides a performance
"safety-net" to help ensure that current and
future high speed applications will run a peak accuracy,
efficiency and throughput.
Home Run:
(Not
the baseball type). Phone system wiring where the
individual cables run from phone directly back to the
central switching equipment. Home run cabling can be
thought of as "star cabling". Every cable
radiates out from the central equipment. All PBXs and
virtually all key systems work on home run cabling. Some
LANs (local area networks) work on home run wiring. (See
Daisy Chain..)
Horizontal Cabling
System: According to TIA-568-A there
must be a minimum of two cabling runs from the
telecommunications closet to each individual work area.
Simply put a horizontal cabling system cable run extends
from the equipment closet to the workstation outlet.
There are 3 types of cabling recognized for standard
compliant installation: 100 Ohm UTP, 150 Ohm STP and
62.5/125 um fiber optic cable. Horizontal closet to workstation
outlet for typical four- pair 100 Ohm UTP cable should not exceed 90
meters, (295 feet). Also see patch cords below..
Hub:
The point on a network where a bunch of circuits are
connected. Also, a switching node. In Local Area
Networks, a hub is the core of a star as in ARCNET,
StarLAN, Ethernet, and Token Ring. Hub hardware can be
either active or passive. Wiring hubs are useful for
their centralized management capabilities and for their
ability to isolate nodes from disruption.
Hybrid
Connector: A connector containing both
optical fiber and electrical conductors.
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IT
- Information Technology
IEEE
802.3: IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers,
a
publishing and standards- making body responsible for many standards
used in LANS, including the 802 series. Ethernet and StarLan both
folow the 802.3 standard. Typically they transmit at 10 Megabits per
second. This is the most common local area network specification.
IDC: Insulation Displacement
Connector. This is the 110 styled punch down you find on a
Category 5 connector or the back of a Category 5 patch panel. Category
5 connectors always use and IDC for cable termination.
IDF: Intermediate Distribution
Frame. A metal rack designed to connect cables and located in an
equipment room or closet. Consists of components that provide the
connection between the Main Distribution Frame (MDF) and individual
phone wiring. There is usually a large permanent cable running between
the IDF and MDF.
Impedance:
The
total opposition (i.e. resistance and reactance) a
circuit offers to the flow of alternating current. It is
measured in ohms, and the lower the ohmic value, the
better the quality of conductor.
Interconnect:
A circuit administration point, other than a
crossconnector an information outlet, that provides
capability for routing and rerouting circuits. It does
not use patch cords or jumper wires, and typically is a
jack-and -plug device used in smaller distribution
arrangements or that connects circuits in large cables to
those is smaller cables.
Interconnect
Company: is one which sells, install and
maintains telephone systems for end users, typically
businesses.
ISDN:
Integrated Services Digital Network.
According to AT&T, today's public switched phone
network has many limitations. ISDN's vision is to
overcome these deficiencies. (ISDN lines.)
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J
JACKS:
or connectors, 4 position, 6 position or 8
position. 8 Position is incorrectly sometimes referred to
as RJ45 and is most commonly used in data networks (
wired 568B or 568A configurations). Although it is also
used in voice networks. 4 position usually used for voice
networks as well as 6 position. (See USOC).
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L
LAN:
Local Area Network.
A short distance
network (typically within a building or campus) used to
link together computers and peripheral devices (such as
printers) under some form of standard control.
Longitudinal
Conversion Loss:
This is a measure of cable "balance". A well
balanced pair offers improved crosstalk performance and
reduced emissions (FCC criteria).
LOOSE TUBE CABLE:
Fiber optic loose tube cable is a loose tube, and provides a compact
package for larger fiber counts. Typically used in outside plant
contruction where ambient temperatures vary greatly and moisture is
present. Containing multiple fibers along with a water repellent gel
filling, and is made of a harder material, such as PBT. Typically
there are 6 or 12 fibers in each loose tube. Each fiber has a skim
coating of colored acrylate to provide a color code. There is no
current standard for the diameter of the loose tube, therefore there
are many different sizes available in the industry. The tube isolates
the fibers from the thermal expansion characteristics of the plastics
used to manufacture the cable and the gel protects the fiber from the
intrusion of water.
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M
Mbps:
Megabits per second.
One million bits per
second. (See Bandwidth).
MDF:
Main Distribution Frame. A wiring
arrangement which connects the telephone lines coming
from outside on one side and the internal lines on the
other. A main distribution frame may also carry
protective devices as well as function as a central
testing point.
MHZ:
MegaHertz.
A unit of frequency denoting
one million Hertz (1,000,000 cycles per second). As in
ex: Category 5 100 MHz cable.
MEGABITS/MEGAHERTZ:
The terms Megabits per second (Mbps or Mb/s) and
Megahertz (MHz) are sometimes confused. Megahertz (MHz)
refers to the upper frequency band on the
characterization of a cabling system. Megabits per second
(Mbps) refers to the rate that the digital bits are sent
between the two pieces of equipment for a specific
application.
Kind of like a rivers water flow being the megahertz and
the number of row boats sent down the river being the
megabits.
MULTIMODE -
Fiber optic cable. (also see singlemode). Has a larger cord
diameter than singlemode and is good at coupling light from
inexpensive LED sources. More light can be launched into multimode
cores, hoever increase in modes actually decreases optical
bandwidth
(signal is less concentrated.)
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N
Near-End
Crosstalk (NEXT):
Electrical noise coupled from one pair of wires to
another within a mult-pair cable. Cable manufacturers
keep striding for lower near-end and far-end crosstalk in
order to reduce the interference on the cable.
Network:
A network ties it all together. Computer
networks connect all types of computers and computer
related things, terminals, printers, modems, door entry
sensors, temperature monitors, etc. LANS, connect
computer equipment. Long distance networks deal with
phones.
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O
Open:
(Fault) - means the circuit is not complete or the
cable/fiber is broken.
Outlet:
A telecommunications outlet is a single-piece cable
termination assembly (typically on the floor or in the
wall), containing one or more modular telecom jacks. Such
jacks might be RJs, coaxial terminators, fiber optic
couplers, etc.
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P
PATCH CORDS:
Patch cords
are wired in several ways. They connect
your patch panels in the equipment room to hubs and
connect the workstation at your desk to the wall
outlet.
-
Straight
Through or Reversed? Two basic
applications, one for patching between the patch panels the
other for voice systems. When used with the patch panel they
should be wired "straight-through" - (that's
pin 1 to pin 1, pin 2 to pin 2 etc. ). The PC to
wall outlet should also be wired this way, but in
some cases based on manufacture specifications can also be
wired reversed.
Click here for picture
of straight through connection.
-
Reversed
- this is the second type typically used for
voice systems. - (Pin 1 to Pin 6), (Pin 2 to Pin
5), (Pin 3 to Pin 4), etc.. If using a 8 position
jack in reversed mode then - (Pin 1 to Pin 8),
(Pin 2 to Pin 7),, (Pin 3 to Pin 6) etc..
Click here for picture
of reversed and straight through comparison...
-
Be
certain of your system before wiring the
cords check with your manufacturer for correct
specification first.
-
Cord
length in data applications Horizontal Cabling
- it is also suggested that to be compliant with
TIA-568-A specifications, patch cords in the
equipment room from panel to hubs etc. combined
with the patch cord at the work station should
not exceed a total length of 7 meters or 28 Feet,
with no single cord exceeding 6 meters. Working
within this total length combination the
workstation patch cord to the wall outlet should
not exceed 3 meters or 10 feet.
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PLENUM
- a
compartment or chamber to which one or more air ducts are connected
and that forms part of the air distribution system. Cable that is run
in proximity to this type of area is special cable that is plenum
rated. If you not sure if you should use PLENUM or NON-Plenum cable
then choose the PLENUM.
You should always check with your local building code enforcement and
for Electrical code requirements before cabling.
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PBX:
Private Branch Exchange.
A small
privately owned version of the phone company's larger
telephone central switching office. Many business' have
PBX systems that run all their phones in their offices.
-
PIN OUT or PIN CONFIGURATION:
T568A or T568B - T568A is the new pin-out scheme
and is generally used for analog voice
applications using 2 lines. T568A is commonly used for it is
compatible with USOC one or two pair systems. T568B is the more
common pin-out scheme, and is generally used for
multi-line electronic key systems and most data
applications. Either will comply with most voice
and data applications including ISDN, 10BASE-T,
16 Mbps token ring and ATM.
-
T568B
PIN OUT CONFIGURATION.
Pair 1 BLUE Pair = White/Blue to Pin
5,
Blue/White to Pin 4.
Pair 2 ORANGE Pair =
White/Orange to Pin 1,
Orange/White to Pin 2.
Pair 3 GREEN Pair = White/Green to Pin 3,
Green/White to Pin 6.
Pair 4 BROWN Pair = White/Brown to Pin 7,
Brown/White to Pin 8.
-
T568A
PIN OUT CONFIGURATION.
Pair 1 BLUE Pair = White/Blue Pin
5,
Blue/White to Pin 4.
Pair 2 ORANGE Pair =
White/Orange Pin 3,
Orange/White to Pin 6.
Pair 3 GREEN Pair = White/Green
Pin 1,
Green/White to Pin 2.
Pair 4 BROWN Pair = White/Brown Pin 7,
Brown/White to Pin 8.
-
NOTE:
Both T5658A and T568B are nearly identical except that pairs 2 and
3 are reversed.
-
NOTE: A
modular cord that is wired to a T568A color scheme on both of it's
ends is compatible with a T568B system and vice versa.
Click
here for a picture of different plug pin outs...
Plug:
A
male component of a plug/jack connector system in
premises wiring.
Polarity:
Which
side of an electrical circuit is the positive? Which is
the negative? Polarity is the term describing which is
which.
POTS:
Plain Old Telephone.
Power Sum:
A test method for four pair cable whereby the
mathematical sum of pair-to-pair crosstalk from three
pairs to one pair is measured.
Premises
Wiring System: The entire wiring system on
the user's premises, especially the supporting wiring
that connect the communication outlets to the network
interface jack.
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R
RBOC:
Regional Bell Operating Company. Seven
RBOC's exist, each of which owns two or more Bell
Operating Companies (BOCS). The RBOCs were carved out of
the old AT&T/Bell System during the divestiture of
the Bell Operating companies from AT&T in 1984.
RCDD:
Registered Communications Distribution Designer
title is given as a rating granted by BICSI for
a members professional rating, (a paid member
association the Building Industry Consulting Service
International).
Return Loss:
A measure of the similarity of the impedance of a
transmission line and the impedance at its terminations.
It is a ratio, expressed in decibels, of the power of the
outgoing signal to the power of the signal reflected
back.
Ring:
As in Tip and Ring. One of the two wires needed to set up
a telephone connection. (See Tip..)
RJ:
Registered Jack. RJs are telephone and
data jacks/applications registered with the FCC. Numbers,
like RJ-11, RJ-45 etc. are widely misused in the
telecommunications industry. A much more precise way to
identify a jack is to specify the number of positions
(width of opening) and number of conductors, Example:
"8-position, 8-conductor jack" or
"6-position, 4 conductor jack".
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S
SINGLE MODE - Fiber optic cable. This has a small core for
the light path, very focused, high quality signal. Usually requires a
laser source to launch light into the cable and usually makes it mores
expensive then LED sources used in Multimode fiber optic cable.
SKIP
WRAPPED CABLE - This is individual cables like a 4 pair
utp cat5e cable, that has been wrapped to another one using a special
twine like cord. This is done by machine and the cord is twisted around
the cable binding the seperate cables together for pulling. WHY? So that
it is easy to pull muti pair cables at once. Like the Pepermint (Tm)
cable which is 4 separate cables skip wrapped. A Pink One, Yellow One,
Blue One and White one. Each individual leg or cable has it's own color
outer jacket and is attached to the other with the cord. If you need to
separate the various legs of the cable some where down the line you can
just cut the cord at that point and branch of one of the cables.
T
Terminate:
To connect a wire conductor to something typically a
piece of equipment.
Token Ring:
A ring
topology for a local area network (LAN) in which a
supervisory frame, or token, must be received by an
attached terminal or workstation before that terminal or
workstation can start transmitting. The workstation with
the token then transmits and uses the entire bandwidth of
whatever communications media the token ring network is
using. A token ring can be wired as a circle or
star, with the workstations wired to a central wiring
center, or to multiple wiring centers. The most common
wiring scheme is called a star-wired ring. Whatever the
wiring, a token ring LAN always works logically as a
circle, with the token passing around the circle from one
workstation to another. The advantage is that media
faults (broken cable) can be fixed easily, since it's easy
to isolate the faults.
T1:
(1.544
Mbps per second) A standard for digital
transmission in North American. A digital transmission
link with a capacity of 1.544 Mbps (1,544,000 bits per
second.) T1 lines are used for connecting networks across
remote distances. Bridges and routers are used to connect
LANs over T1 networks. (See Ring..)
TIP:
1.- The first pair in a pair of wires. (The second wire
is called the "ring" wire.) 2.- A conductor in
a telephone cable pair which is usually connected to
positive side of battery at the Telco. It is the phone
industry's equivalent of Ground in a normal electrical
circuit.
TP-PMD:
Twisted
Pair - Physical Media Dependent.
Technology under review by the ANSI X3T9.5 working group
that allows 100 Mbps transmission over twisted-pair
cable.
Twisted Pair:
Two insulated cooper wires twisted around each other to
reduce induction (thus interference) from one wire to the
other. The twists, or lays, are varied in length to
reduce the potential for signal interference between
pairs. Several sets of twisted pairs may be enclosed in a
single cable. If greater than 25 pairs, the twisted pairs
are grouped and bound together.
Type 1, Type
1A: ( See 150 Ohm Wiring...)
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U
USOC Codes (Universal
Service Order Codes):
Developed years ago by the Bell operation companies to
identity service or equipment under tariff. See
below descriptions:
-
RJ11 - Single-line telephone
instruments
-
RJ11 - Single-line accessories
-
RJ11 - Connecting modems to
telephone lines
-
RJ11 - Answering machines
-
RJ14 - Two-line telephone
instruments and accessories
-
RJ25C - Connecting 3 lines to a
single telephone set
-
RJ25C - Multiple-line
answer/announce systems
-
RJ31X, RJ38X - Burglar and fire
alarm circuits
-
RJ45 - Fixed loss loop
-
RJ45 - Programmed data equipment
-
RJ61X - Up to four access lines
-
RJ48 - 1.544 Mbps digital
services or other data services
-
USOC Number suffixes -
RJ (Registered Jack) numbers end with a letter
that indicates the wiring or mounting method. C -
Identifies a surface or flush mount jack. W-
Identifies a wall mounted jack. X-Identifies a
complex multi-line or series type jack.
USOC 1,2 and 3 PAIR PIN OUT BELOW:
-
Pair 1 BLUE Pair = Pins 3 & 4 (These are
the center pins)
-
Pair 2
ORANGE Pair = Pins 2 &
5
-
Pair 3
GREEN Pair = Pins 1 & 6
NOTE:
On this type of jack setup you would start with the
center pins and work you way out to the outermost pins.
USOC 4 PAIR SETUP
-
Pair 1 BLUE Pair = Pins 4 & 5 (These are
the center pins)
-
Pair 2
ORANGE Pair = Pins 3 & 6
-
Pair 3
GREEN Pair = Pins 2 & 7
-
Pair 4
BROWN Pair = Pins 1 & 8
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V
VP - Velocity
of Propagation:
This is the speed at which digital pulses traverse the
cable. We provide this value because installers use it to
properly calibrate their portable testers and determine
to the "measured wire length" required.
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